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Prayer beads are traditionally used to keep count of the repetitions of prayers, chants or devotions. They are used by followers of Hinduism, Buddhism, Orthodox Christianity, Roman Catholicism, Anglicanism, Islam, Sikhism and the Bahá'í Faith. more...
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There are three widely accepted uses for prayer beads:
Repetition of the same devotion a set (usually large) number of times. This is the earliest form of prayer beads (the Japa Mala) and the earliest Christian form (the prayer rope). This is also the type of use in the Bahá'í Faith;
Repetition of several different prayers in some pattern, possibly interspersed with meditations.;
Meditation on a series of spiritual themes, e.g. Islam.;
Bahá'í
Bahá'ís recite the phrase \"Alláh'u'Abhá\", a form of the Greatest Name 95 times per day, sometimes using prayer beads.
Buddhism
Prayer beads, or Japa Malas, are also used in many forms of Mahayana Buddhism, often with a lesser number of beads (usually a divisor of 108). In Pure Land Buddhism, for instance, 27 beads rosaries are common. In China such rosaries are named \"Shu-Zhu\" (\"Counting Beads\"); in Japan, \"Juzu\". These shorter rosaries are sometimes called 'prostration rosaries', because they are easier to hold when enumerating repeated prostrations. In Tibetan Buddhism, often larger malas are used of for example 111 beads: when counting, they calculate one mala as 100 mantras, and the 11 additional beads are taken as extra to compensate for errors.
Christianity
The Desert Fathers (third to fifth century) used knotted ropes to count prayers, typically the Jesus Prayer (\"Lord Jesus Christ, Son of God, have mercy on me, a sinner\"). The invention is attributed to St Anthony or his associate St Pachomius in the fourth century.
Catholic Christians use the Rosary as prayer beads. The Rosary (its name comes from the Latin \"rosarium,\" meaning \"crown of roses\"), is an important and traditional devotion of the Roman Catholic Church, combining prayer and meditation in sequences of ten \"Hail Marys,\" each sequence being called a decade. A complete Rosary involves the completion of fifteen (now twenty) decades.
Many Eastern Christians use a prayer rope instead. Old Believers use special prayer ropes made of leather, called lestovka. This type of prayer beads is not used now by the Russian Orthodox Church.
According to the Catholic Encyclopedia, \"The rosary is conferred upon the Greek monk as a part of his investiture with the mandyas or full monastic habit, as the second step in the monastic life, and is called his 'spiritual sword'.\" Monks use the prayer rope, archimandrites and bishops use beads.
In the mid-1980s Anglican prayer beads or \"Christian prayer beads\" were developed in the Episcopal Church. They have since been adopted by some Protestants. The set consists of 33 beads (representing the 33 years of the life of Christ) arranged in four groupings of symbolic significance. Many Anglo-Catholics use the Catholic rosary in addition to or instead of Anglican prayer beads.
Read more at Wikipedia.org
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